通風管道得安裝位置怎么才能合理？
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高層建筑的通風排煙管道設施應分為機械排煙設施和可開啟外窗的自然排煙設施。
The ventilation and smoke exhaust duct facilities in high-rise buildings should be divided into mechanical smoke exhaust facilities and natural smoke exhaust facilities that can open external windows.
房間的機械排煙系統(tǒng)是按防煙分區(qū)設置的。
The mechanical smoke exhaust system of the room is set up according to smoke prevention zones.
（1）一類高層建筑和建筑高度超過32m 的二類高層建筑的下列部位應設排煙設施：
(1) Smoke exhaust facilities should be installed in the following areas of Class I high-rise buildings and Class II high-rise buildings with a height exceeding 32m:
1）長度超過20m 的內(nèi)走道；
1) Internal walkways exceeding 20m in length;
2）面積超過100m2，且經(jīng)常有人停留或可燃物較多的房間；
2) A room with an area exceeding 100m2 and frequently occupied by people or high levels of combustible materials;
3）高層建筑的中庭和經(jīng)常有人停留或可燃物較多的地下室。
3) The atrium of high-rise buildings and basements with frequent human stays or high levels of combustible materials.
（2）通風、空氣調節(jié)系統(tǒng)應采取防火、防煙措施。
(2) Ventilation and air conditioning systems should adopt fire and smoke prevention measures.
（3）一類高層建筑和建筑高度超過32m 的二類高層建筑的下列部位，應設置機械排煙設施：
(3) Mechanical smoke exhaust facilities should be installed in the following areas of Class I high-rise buildings and Class II high-rise buildings with a height exceeding 32m:
無直接自然通風，且長度超過20m 的內(nèi)走道或雖有直接自然通風，但長度超過60m 的內(nèi)走道；
Internal walkways without direct natural ventilation and with a length exceeding 20m, or internal walkways with direct natural ventilation but a length exceeding 60m;
面積超過100m2，且經(jīng)常有人停留或可燃物較多的地上無窗房間或設固定窗的房間；
A room above ground without windows or with fixed windows, with an area exceeding 100m2 and frequent presence of people or combustible materials;
不具備自然排煙條件或凈空高度超過12m 的中庭；
Atriums that do not have natural smoke exhaust conditions or have a clearance height exceeding 12m;
除利用窗井等開窗進行自然排煙的房間外，各房間總面積超過200m2 或一個房間面積超過50m2，且經(jīng)常有人停留或可燃物較多的地下室。
Except for rooms that use window wells and other openings for natural smoke exhaust, basements with a total area of over 200m2 or a room area of over 50m2 and frequent presence of people or high levels of combustible materials.
設置在高層建筑內(nèi)的通風排煙管道設施，應具備以下要求：
Ventilation and smoke exhaust duct facilities installed in high-rise buildings should meet the following requirements:
（1）排煙口應設在頂棚上或靠近頂棚的墻面上，且與附近出口沿走道方向相鄰邊緣之間的水平距離不應小于1.50m。設在頂棚上的排煙口，距可燃構件或可燃物的距離不應小于1.00m。
(1) The smoke exhaust outlet should be located on the ceiling or on the wall near the ceiling, and the horizontal distance between it and the adjacent edge of the nearby safety exit along the aisle direction should not be less than 1.50m. The distance between the smoke exhaust outlet installed on the ceiling and combustible components or materials should not be less than 1.00m.
排煙口平時關閉，并應設置有手動和自動開啟裝置。
The smoke exhaust outlet should be closed normally and equipped with manual and automatic opening devices.
（2）防煙分區(qū)內(nèi)的排煙口距遠點的水平距離不應超過30m。
(2) The horizontal distance between the smoke exhaust outlet in the smoke prevention zone and the farthest point should not exceed 30m.
在排煙支管上應設有當煙氣溫度超過280℃時能自行關閉的排煙防火閥。
A smoke exhaust fire damper that can close automatically when the smoke temperature exceeds 280 ℃ should be installed on the smoke exhaust branch.
（3）排煙風機可采用離心風機或采用排煙軸流風機，并應在其機房入口處設有當煙氣溫度超過280℃時能自動關閉的排煙防火閥。排煙風機應保證在280℃時能連續(xù)工作30min。
(3) The smoke exhaust fan can be a centrifugal fan or an axial flow smoke exhaust fan, and a smoke exhaust fire damper that can automatically close when the smoke temperature exceeds 280 ℃ should be installed at the entrance of the machine room. The smoke exhaust fan should be able to operate continuously for 30 minutes at 280 ℃.
（4）機械排煙系統(tǒng)中，當任一排煙口或排煙閥開啟時，排煙風機應能自行啟動。
(4) In a mechanical smoke exhaust system, when any smoke exhaust outlet or smoke exhaust valve is opened, the smoke exhaust fan should be able to start on its own.
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